Rhetorical Devices Essay

The definition of an anecdote is a story that is very short that either explains or emphasizes a point that is trying to be made. In my speech when I was explaining that soccer has affected the paths that my life has taken including schools and friends, I used the short story of getting recruited for soccer at the high school and collegiate level, which is also where I met my best friends. In Bekah Diehl’s speech making the point that the saying â€Å"the only fear is fear itself† she said she not scared of the fear of baseballs, but rather the ball itself. The story she used was with her friends playing catch with the baseball around her. The conclusion is the final part of a speech that closes it and ties it all main points together. In the conclusion the thesis is stated, the main points are summarized, and a clincher is said to leave the audience with. The conclusion for my speech was that soccer has made me a well-rounded individual and has shaped the person that I am today. My favorite memories have included playing soccer and my teammates. When I step on the field I am free. I would not be the same person today if soccer was not in my life. In the closing of Bekah Diehl her conclusion that was her fear of baseballs is real and something she has to deal with. However, she takes comfort that her she doesn’t have a phobia of something else and that her phobia could be of something worse.

Business ownerships Essay

The different types of business ownerships are: Sole trader. When only one person owns the business. They do not share the profits with anyone; a sole trader is somebody who controls his/her own business. Have unlimited liability. They can employ people to help them at work but they have sole responsibility of the business. The advantages of being a sole trader are: Make own decisions. Does not have to share profits. Always know what is happening in business as they make all the decisions. Control of business cannot be lost. Easier to set up own business. Little capital is needed when setting up a sole trader. Management is simpler. More self esteem when they own their own business. The disadvantages of being a sole trader are: Because the business has unlimited liability is means that if the business in unsuccessful the sole trader will have to pay back all the businesses debt. The sole trader can become extremely stressed because they are in full control of the business. Not much time off, unless someone else takes over. Franchise When big companies are owned by sole trades. The two main parties involved are the franchisee and franchisor. The franchisor allows the franchisee to use the businesses name, product and layout in return for a share of the profits made. The advantages of being a franchise are: The business can expand. Franchisee’s get a chance to run the business for a greater chance of success. The disadvantages of being a franchise are: If the franchisee is unsuccessful the business may get a bad reputation. The franchisee cannot make decisions without the franchisors authorisation. The franchisee does not automatically have their agreement renewed. Partnership A partnership usually involves between 2-20 people. The profits made has to be shared among all workers. Legal documents such as the Deed of partnership have to be signed before the business can begin. Advantages of being a partnership: There is more than one person in charge. Ideas can always be shared. Everyone can be part in the area they are most strongest in. Disadvantages of being a partnership: Arguments may occur. Partners have unlimited liability so they will be less willing to invest. The legal documents have to be completed, and this process may take a while. Public limited company (PLC): Is usually a larger business, they employ far more people than a private limited company. Shares can be bought and sold by members of the public on the stock market. The prices of shares vary. Advantages of being a public limited company: PLC can raise capital easily. All shareholders have limited liability. Disadvantages of being a public limited company: Because shareholders of a PLC are members of the public, control of the business can be lost is someone buys a great number of shares. Shareholders may feel isolated because they don’t know each other. Workers/ retail Co-operative A workers co-operative is owned and run by the whole work force so there will be no arguments between the owners and workers as they are the same people. People who own part of workers co-operative are called members. Membership of workers co-operative tries to ensure that everyone has a say in how the business is run. All members are in control of the business. Retail co-operative shares its profits amongst its members. People who own a share of the retail co-operative is called a member. The first retail co-operative was set up in Rochdale in 1844. Advantages of workers co-operative: No arguments. Happier environment. Work harder. More motivated because they know they will receive a share out of the profits. Opinions are heard. Disadvantages of workers co-operative: Long time for decisions to be made. Business may suffer, because there are no specified leaders. Not many people have faith in co-operatives so they are not always well supported. Private limited company (LTD) People who own part of a private limited company are called shareholders. Family and friends can only buy shares for a private limited company. Advantages of a Private limited company: Family & friends can only buy shares. Capital can be raised because there is no limit on the number of shareholders. Disadvantages of a Private limited company: Shareholders may argue or disagree. Restrictions for selling shares. Competitors. Tower colliery Tower Colliery is a Worker co-operative this means that the business is owned by all of its workers. There isn’t one main person in workers co-operative because they all own it. It is a limited liability business as it is a worker co-operative, as it is the work forces problem if the company is in debt. Tower colliery has a legal status. Tower Colliery suits their workers co-operative as all the workers get an opinion on how the business is run and also they get a share of the profits. Tower colliery is a medium sized business. Some of the advantages of being a worker co-operative are: Happy workers; because views and opinions are heard. More motivated; because they know they will receive a share of profits. Work harder; because it is owned by the workface. No arguments; because they are on the same level. Some of the disadvantages of being a worker co-operative: Decisions; will take longer to make them. May suffer; because there are no specified leader which could result in failing to reach aims. Support; few people have faith in co-operatives so they are not always well supported. Spar Spar is a Franchise ownership as it is owned by a family. The only one person that owns spar is the franchisee because they have brought a branch of the group that own ‘Spar’. It has limited liability. It has legal status. Some advantages of being a franchise are: Because they have so many shops around there is more profit being made. The business can expand. Franchisees get the chance to run business that has a greater chance of success than for example, a sole trader does. Some disadvantages of being a franchise are: If the franchisee is unsuccessful the business may receive a bad reputation. The franchisee cannot make any decisions without getting permission off the franchisor. The franchisee does not automatically have their agreement renewed: the agreement has to be renewed regularly. This may create uncertainty for the franchisee. This store may suit ‘Fred’ because he may live closely to this branch and it sells everyday products that he may need so he doesn’t have to go to a larger store which is further away.

Case Study The Salad Bar Marketing Essay

Case Study The Salad Bar Marketing Essay The salad bar financial model will be based on the business concept of â€Å"managing for the best, and planning for the worst†. The projections of the first year will anticipate for a sales volume below average, salad cost above average, and seat turn below average. This will help us ensure adequate financial planning to cater for a ramp-up period that is reasonable, success of the business, and ensure that the business is not under-capitalized (McKeever 2008). Our financial plan is based on the assumptions that there will be a slow-growth economy that will be recovering from an economic decline. It also assumes that the business will experience a modest growth in the future. The Salad Bar business intends to increase profit margins per day. The businesses aims at reducing the variable operation cost as well as achieve a double growth rate annually. The Salad Bar marketing strategy will be aimed at developing visibility among the members of the community. This strategy will be achieved through a targeted advertising campaign. There will be advertisements placed in various newsletters. It’s hoped that the advertisements will yield a reasonable amount of product enquiries since they are beleaguered toward the target population that uses Salad Bar products/services (Young 2007). The Salad Bar Marketing Objectives Salad Bar aims at reducing market costs as a sales percentage. The business intends to maintain steady and positive growth every month. In addition, Salad Bar plans to experience new customers increase and consequently have them as long-term customers. Marketing Strategy The Salad Bar marketing strategy will be aimed at developing visibility among the members of the community. This strategy will be achieved through a targeted advertising campaign. There will be advertisements placed in various newsletters. It’s hoped that the advertisements will yield a reasonable amount of product enquiries since they are beleaguered toward the tar get population that uses Salad Bar products/services (Abrams & Kleiner 2003). Target marketing The Salad Bar’s target population includes the middle class clients and the upper-class clients. The middle-class population has minimal disposable income. It recognizes that its expensive to get salad from a salad bar but its prepared to incur expenses though they will attempt to minimize them. On the other hand, the upper-class clients are characterized by high income level and it’s willing to have salad from a bar. This strategy will require a different menu for the two groups since the upper-class salad menu will be cost prohibitive for the middle class population (McKeever 2008). Positioning The Salad Bar will position itself as a high quality, innovative salad business. The members of the society will recognize the high quality and unique service/product offerings of The Salad Bar. The Salad Bar competitive edge will be founded in  its customer inventive and customer approach to members of the society. The Salad Bar customer attention will make it different from other salad bars that have a lot of demand. The disadvantage of having a high demand is that the business experiences a decreased pressure to accommodate extra clients. When The Salad Bar will start having plenty of customers, we will modify our business plan in order to handle them effectively McKeever (2008). The Salad Bar will approach the market as if there is considerable competition between the different product providers. We aim at making customer satisfaction our priority, and through this, local clients will come to be pleased about the attention given to their need and establish long-term relationships with The Salad Bar. The main objective is to position The Salad Bar as the premier Salad business within the area, authorizing a market share majority in four years. The marketing strategy will aim first at creating customer awareness concerning its products, build up a customer base, and focus on building customer referrals and loyalty (Young 2007)

Comparing and Contrasting the Principles of Ethical Relativism Essay - 1

Comparing and Contrasting the Principles of Ethical Relativism - Essay Example It also states that there is nothing as morally right or morally wrong. We cannot judge the views of other people from a different culture. Our ethics and morals evolve with the passage of time. The evolution in ethics occurs due to interaction with different people of different virtues and diverse cultures. Some people do think that morals and ethics should not be discussed with each other as it may cause rupture in their relation and people must live on the principle of Live an Let live others formula. But this principle is not right. It is perilous and also gutless. It is dangerous as it prevents us from pointing out the morally and ethically wrongs of the civilization. It is also cowardly as it denies our responsibility to make the world better place to survive for everyone. Cultural Relativism point of view is that there are no universally valid moral values, and moral principles are related to the culture of the people in which they live. Anything is right for you if your culture allows it to be. The society is the authority which could differentiate between right or wrong. If the majority of the culturists decide something to be wrong, you will have to admit it as wrong. In the early ages, when people had to live in societies secluded to each other it would had been reasonable to think that the traditions and practices of one’s own culture are right. But now, in this modern age where world is globalized, it is not reasonable to think that own culture is the only right way. Many practices which would be right long time age are falsified in the modern world. The early Greeks felt proud of stealing, but in this era we consider it as wrong. Some villages in Uganda think that they have no responsibility over their children but it is condemned in our modernized world. In the modern world also Dos in one culture are DONTs in other cultures. Like eating beef is DO in USA but DON’T in India. Alcohol and gambling is DO in USA but

Muslims and America Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Muslims and America - Essay Example One of the mostly viewed episodes or films in the US is â€Å"30 days: Muslim and America.† The episode was directed by an American, Morgan Spurlock. The film has one main character, Dave, who is a Christian and goes to live in a Muslim family with an aim of learning the Islamic culture. The film has a variety of thematic constituents including religious discrimination, hatred, culture and several others. The episode situates the viewers in a crazy world of terrorism blames and hatred. It makes one think of existing religious differences and conflicts in the American society. Moreover, it probes some reasoning and comprehension of the conflict. By using an American, Dave, who has also the same perception, it is quite predictable that whatever he will face in the Muslim society is violence. This perception however changes when Dave, the Christian American, finds out a total different story in his 30 days of stay in Dearborn, Michigan where most Muslims in the US stay. The episode also situates the viewers in a position where they can easily tell who the wrong one is between the groups, Americans and the Muslims. This is through following carefully Dave’s experience while living in Muslim communities in Dearborn and Michigan. The presence of Mosque and Quran aids in forming more ideas concerning the Muslim society. Dave learns of the friendly nature of the Muslim people and gets convinced that all the evils that people do say about the Muslims are false. For one to comprehend the phenomena in the episode, it is advisable that he or she avoid developing any form of attitude or mental rigidity on certain ideas. Otherwise; the episode will seem like a dream to him or her. Everything will seem to be false. For instance, a viewer with a rigid or static belief that Muslims are terrorists or are always bad people will never gain, or learn any lesson from the episode. One has to develop a neutral mind and love for all; in short, it is better for a viewer to put himself or herself in the shoes of professional judicial persons like judges before venturing into the episode. One must also understand that different groups of people have different cultural behaviors and beliefs. Therefore, an individual should not view or perceive anything done by his or her neighbors as evil and condemn it (Arshad, 2003). Culture is a very crucial aspect of every society and each person should respect one another’s for the purpose of creating a leeway to p eace discovery. The episode situates or positions the viewers in different ways. First, Spurlock has employed a lot of symbolism in a bid to place the viewers in a Muslim society (Arshad, 2003). Through the use of Mosque, Muslim dressing styles, and eating styles, he has indeed made most viewers, I included imagine being in a Muslim society experiencing and learning their cultures. He has also used the interviewing method on both two sides to get their opinions concerning one another. An example of such is the interview of an old man by Dave (Zelizer, 2007). The man tells him that all religions are bound by one common thing or person who is God. The man goes ahead to state that there is only one God with different names. He quotes that â€Å"when one takes one life he destroys humanity† from the Quran (Spurlock, 2011). Spurlock has also employed certain words, editing styles and images to encourage us viewers form certain ideologies. The words like, Jesus Christ and Mohammed, Bible and Quran, have been used in the episode to encourage viewers to form and maintain neutrality throughout the episode. He has also used images like the mosque and Camels (in form of cartoons) to represent a Muslim society in Asia (Zelizer, 2007). The episode also talks much about mistreatment; it does not mention any problems caused by the Muslims to the Christians. However, since the Muslim

Development professionals - The BCG Way Case Study

Development professionals - The BCG Way - Case Study Example The process of career development and mentorship processes that are followed in the organisational structure of BCG are innovative and modern.In this part of the case study analysis,the evaluation of the career development and mentorship program will be taken up with due consideration to the processes’ strengths and weaknesses. Strengths of the Career Development and Mentorship Process The promotion system at the BCG’s career development process is not based on a specific tenure but on the basis of a â€Å"time window†. It represents that the employees at BCG gets promoted only when they achieve sufficient amount of knowledge and skill in a particular area of operation. The employees pass through a continuous feedback and consulting session with their respective assigned Career Development Committee (CDC) advisors. The advisors become the mentors of the employees and the employees derive sufficient amount of help from them. As the ratings are done on the basis of various working areas of the employees, there exists an opportunity of improvement in all the operating areas. This is because the employees will continuously try to improve all the working areas for better appreciation. The employees get a chance of excelling in the areas of their choice as they are provided with the option to approach their mentors to get them know their areas of interests. This allows the employees to create interesting mode in their jobs. This is known as the staffing pattern where the scope of becoming a generalist or specialist lies for the employees. Moreover, continuous training process for the newly recruited employees is followed in the BCG that provides a basis for the employees to develop in their skills and socializing nature, create network and expand the sense of BCG as an organization. Besides the assignment of CDC advisors to the employees, mentors are also assigned. The interaction sessions with the mentors are more formal than that with the CDC advisors. Weaknesses of the Career Development and Mentorship Process The promotional process that BCG follows may at times create certain feelings of frustrations among the employees. The frustration can come up due to the pressure of performing the best with no room for failures, as failures might lead to their termination. The BCG employers somewhat try to evaluate their employees’ performance strictly, to ensure that the performance is constantly improving. This is most likely to head a chance of non-believing in the performance feedback system of the company. In the case of staffing, the employees have to be proactive in building their skills as they have to show evidence that they are good at the particular area where they are urged to move. For being proactive, the actual levels of performance might get hampered. Provision of formal training might not always produce fruitful results as the BCG itself believes that â€Å"experience is the best teacher†. At times, it might appear that the time allotted for the formal training has resulted in wastage of time, resources and energy with limited facts. Informal mentorship process might not provide appropriate results as too much of advises around the employees can make him/her confused. Moreover, the

Beijing National Stadium Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Beijing National Stadium - Essay Example The team of contractors of the project included the Swiss Architecture Firm Herzog and De Meuron, artist designer Ai Wei Wei, Chief Architect Stefan Merbach, and CADG leader Chief Architect Li Xinggang. The collaboration of both the European and Asian authorities in the project made it possible for the designation of the style and function of the Beijing National Stadium to stand as the newest and most innovative architectural structure in the world today. Because of the fact that the Olympic Games is a worldwide event that would be eyed by the entire human society around the globe, the officials had to make sure that they are to create something that would be a stunning landmark that could host a massive population of viewers and athletes during the most awaited and most prestigious month-long celebration of physical strength among all the nationalities around the world. They had to make sure that it would not simply be an area for sports but also a space for international camarader ie. Architecture in this state of pressure shall be subjected to the need of creating a structure that could be a wonder to the eye while serving the primary function that it is made for (Ruskin, 1989: 78). It is also certain that the officials of the construction needed to make sure that the design of the building would make the huge structure an icon of modern world architecture. It is undeniable that China has been noted for its well-engineered structures that are highly functional that are also treated as primary tourist spots in the country. One of which is that of the Great Wall of China that was primarily built to protect the country from Mongolian invaders during the 5th Century BC onwards and today, the said structure stands tall as the only man-made structure visible in space (Rondanini, 1999: 67). Another overwhelming building created and situated in

A Dolls House by Henrik Ibsen Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

A Dolls House by Henrik Ibsen - Assignment Example It criticised the attitude towards marriage prevalent in the 19th century (Krutch, 1953).Ibsen wrote the play drawing inspiration from his real time friend Laura Kieler a successful writer herself (Tornquvist, 1995). Nora, the heroine of Ibsen's play chooses to abandon her family and children for the sake of self-respect and self-search. This climax raised several agitations among the then conservative society. Ibsen was widely acclaimed for supporting the sprouting women rights organizations. But, he promptly denied any claim of honour for contributing to the movement and declared his play was just "the description of humanity". Ibsen's A Doll's House is considered as the first play to portray realism on stage, rather than stage historic and epical events. The play created a whole new wave, which led to the production of several realism related plays in the 18th century. Ibsen acquired international fame with his other plays like 'Ghosts' in 1881 and 'An Enemy of the People' in 1882 . Ibsen had a unique talent to explore the psychological side of the normal people. He always made his characters do what the normal people do not dare to do in real life fearing practical difficulties. Ibsen's later plays like Wild Duck and Hedda Gabler concentrated on psychology and various inner secrets in the human mind. As Michael Meyer claims, even ‘A Doll's House’ do not entirely stand for women's rights. ... The alternative ending was shown in many theatres especially in Germany. The film version of the play portrays Nora as a simple woman just like in the play. The scenes where Trovald refers to Nora as a "sulky squirrel" in the play was omitted in the film. Nora is shown conversing with the delivery boy in the play. But, there is no such scene in the movie. The relationship between Kristine and Nora is displayed as a very formal one in the movie while a little depth is added to the same via wordings and gestures in the play. Nora is not shown elaborating much about her secret to Kristine in the movie. A Doll's House was filmed several times into feature films and TV adaptations. The most prominent one among them is the 1959 TV version created by George Schaefer. Julie Harris plays Nora Helmer the main protagonist and the part Trovald Helmer her husband is played by Christopher Plummer. The film has only two acts in contrast with the play which has three acts. The background, sets and t he portrayal of the house in the movie are very much similar to the descriptions in the play. The wording and dialogue are nearly the same except for few minor differences. Nora is shown entering the house with her three children in the movie while her children are introduced much later in the play. Krogstad, depicted as an immoral man, blackmailing Nora is shown is portrayed as a much lighter character in the movie. He simply pushes her hard to save his own employment, but gives in when he finds the love of his life in Kristine. Trovald Helmer is portrayed as a dominating husband who tries hard to retain his position as the head of the household. His confusion and helplessness when Nora walks out on him is displayed beautifully by Christopher Plummer. Antony

Hurricanes and flood zones crimes related in my area Essay

Hurricanes and flood zones crimes related in my area - Essay Example Additionally, these scholars argued that hot and cold seasons affect individuals directly making them unable to control their inhibitions and are subjects of aggressive behaviors. According to research conducted a few decades ago, crime property is more likely to happen during the cold season. Recently, there are questions about crime and weather, climate and crime and crime and season and how they influence criminal behaviors. There are some traditional beliefs that associate weather and human behavior based on wraithlike causes; this ranges from the weather gods to the location of the heavenly bodies. Other people assume that climatic conditions of a particular area influence the population of those living in that area. For instance, the southern climates of United States are hot are therefore produced hot-blooded people while the northern part is cold and, therefore, produces people who are cold-blooded. Early 1800s, criminologists argued that climate influence the biology of a person, which could result in a population of a particular climate to have higher rates of crimes. Many scientists have criticized most of the assumptions that relate crimes and weather. However, some current theories of crime provide some reasonable arguments why climate is said to influence cr iminal behaviors (Siegel, 2008). This paper discusses the levels of crime during the normal weather conditions and extreme weather conditions. Also, the paper seeks to describe the hazards in relation what it might do to the community and the severity of the effect. Further, the paper will outline some actions that could be taken to mitigate or prevent impacts of crimes in a community that is dealing weather related events. Studies show that in Chicago higher temperatures and extreme rainfall results increased cases of conflict. Some documentaries indicate that hurricanes and floods in Chicago have increased violent crimes in the

E-Learning Management System Essay Example for Free

E-Learning Management System Essay Philippines-based LexioNet Corporation launches the countrys first and only SCORM-compliant Learning Management System (LMS) and online campus. Philippines-based LexioNet Corporation announced the release of the countrys first and only Learning Management System (LMS) that conforms to the rigorous specifications of the Sharable Content Object Reference Model (SCORM), the de-facto global standard in Web-based learning. Widely adopted by the US government, large business enterprises and academic institutions worldwide, SCORM primarily addresses issues of interoperability between e-learning content, tools and systems. The Lexioâ„ ¢ Online Campus, powered by the companys SCORM-compliant engine, is an interactive learning environment that makes teaching and learning a fun and engaging experience. Students can study and practice any time, from any computer with access to the Internet. Teachers and courseware developers, on the other hand, can create rich and reusable Web-based learning content using a variety of SCORM-compliant authoring tools. All Lexioâ„ ¢ virtual classrooms have exclusive forums for online discussions to facilitate student-teacher interaction, team learning, and collaboration. Moreover, Lexioâ„ ¢ has multilingual features and offers a broad spectrum of basic course materials that go beyond geographic borders. Bong Cosca, LexioNet CEO, said the launch of the Lexioâ„ ¢ Online Campus represents a significant milestone in the Philippines efforts to accelerate economic growth through educational development, information technology and globalization. E-Learning Management System by Angelo. G. Garcia || Manila Bulletin Newspaper Online Manila, Philippines — Never mind that we are the texting or the Facebook capital of the world, the truth is the Philippines is still far behind as far as e-learning is concerned. While most countries are now adopting technologically-based learning experience in their education systems, the Philippines is yet to start on a 12-year basic education curriculum. The government has no concrete plans either when it comes to e-learning. For instance, Singapore’s Ministry of Education created a solid e-learning plan in their education system as early as 1997. Today, in Nanyang Girls’ High School in Singapore, students are provided with iPads as part of their e-learning system. â€Å"Students today do not learn the same way like their parents did. Children today are so engrossed with their devices. They don’t even talk to parents anymore, everybody is looking at their gadgets and the interaction is not there anymore,† explained Paul Tan, department head of Information and Communication Technology, Nanyang Girls’ High School. This school also uses a system that allows students to access their lessons anytime, anywhere. Students just need a strong wi-fi connection wherever they are and they are good to go. â€Å"Learning should be extended. Learning should go beyond the four walls of the classroom. We capitalize on the technological environment. E-learning makes it possible to do this even beyond the school walls. There are many possibilities in learning. Learning should be colourful and exciting but it has ultimately one goal — to educate the students,† Tan shared during the Diwa e-Learning presentation at the recent Catholic Educational Association of the Philippines Conference (CEAP), held in Davao City. When Singapore started their Information Communication Technology (ICT) Masterplan 1 in 1997, they started with the foundation, training teachers with the basic use of technology and building the necessary infrastructure support. Then came Masterplan 2 which focused on what technology to use in the system. And then it was time for Masterplan 3, the actual integration of ICT in the classroom. All in all, it took them 14 years to achieve the system that they have now. In this system, schools are connected to the internet, a necessary tool in e-learning. Technologies such as Google Earth and Global Positioning System (GPS) are being used in Geography classes, for instance. â€Å"We really encourage them to think beyond the box. They can learn anywhere. Apart from the technology, the walls in classroom are painted with a special kind of paint that allows the student to use whiteboard marker to just write to express their ideas,† Tan said. Singapore also tells its students to use better social networking websites like edmodo.com, a secure website that connects teachers and students. This site also allows teachers and students to collaborate, share content, access homework and grades. â€Å"We aim to have a student-centered learning through engaging lessons. So instead of Facebook, our students use a website that is safe and purely for education,† Tan shared. However, Tan qualified, technology does not replace everything in school. He said that teachers still play a vital role in education. â€Å"Students can get a lot of information online. How to turn this information to knowledge, that’s where teachers come in to verify and explain to the students about all these information,† he said. Tan shared that the most important part of this education revolution is commitment. â€Å"The government is committed, stakeholders are committed, students are interested, teachers want to learn. Commitment from all parties is very important.† In the Philippines, several schools are already starting to adopt e-learning in their education system. One such school is Don Bosco Technical Institute (DBTI) in Makati which has been using the Genyo e-Learning program by Diwa Learning Systems for three years now. Genyo is the first and only fully-integrated online learning management system for basic education. DBTI first started with teacher training in 2006, and it was not surprising that there was initial resistance from the faculty. But they forged on, said DBTI-M high school principal Lito Tenerife, even conducting constant dialogue with parents to make sure that everything was explained to them. By 2009, the school had already subscribed to the Genyo e-learning management system covering five subjects: Filipino, Math, English, Science, and History. Classrooms were connected to the internet, and equipment like laptop computers and projectors were acquired. Tenerife said that the impact on students already shows. â€Å"If a teacher announces to the students that tomorrow they have Genyo, they participate as if it’s their last day in school. It becomes a motivation factor that upon knowing that the following day they will have Genyo classes.† â€Å"Education today is not business as usual. The classrooms and learners of today are totally different from the learners that we were in high school. As responsible educators and policy makers, we need to take a closer look on how we are doing things,† explained Jose Maria Policarpio, executive director of of Diwa Learning Systems. It is a fact that today’s students belong to the millennial generation. They are children born in 1990 onwards. They have short attention spans. They are multi-taskers. And they are highly intuitive in technology. â€Å"These students have different learning styles. Some are auditory, some are visual and some are tactile. They learn best when they touch things, when they interact with things. We have to respect that if we want to be effective. We have a declining quality of education in the Philippines. We have to get our act together. If our basic education is not so firm, we should start with that,† Policarpio stressed. He recommends that before a school goes into the e-learning bandwagon, they should carefully plan first like what Singapore and Don Bosco Technical Institute did in their respective systems. E-learning systems should be easy to use. They should motivate students to learn. It should be something the students have no previously access to. It should go beyond traditional techniques. But first, the schools, and the government for that matter, should be willing to invest in their students’ education. â€Å"The ineffective use of technology must be corrected. Many use the PCs just to look for information, which is like looking at an encyclopedia. There are many effective technologies, the PowerPoint for example, it give you a new way of delivering your old content. Levelling, technology should afford to democratize education. Whether you’re rich or poor, disabled or abled, you should be able to get education. It should be transformative and should offer something new in doing things. Technology should be used to serve a purpose. Technology should not be used for technology’s sake,† Policarpio ends.

Cultural Events in Penang as a Tourist Destination

Cultural Events in Penang as a Tourist Destination Pulau Pinang or Penang is one of the unique and attractive places in Malaysia with its many cultures which make Penang one of tourists favorite places and tourists attractions. Basically, Penang is famous for their food, religions, cultures and tourism site. According to the UNESCO Worlds Heritage Site of Georgetown says that there are many religions, cultures and foods in Penang, therefore they can blend it well together to make Penang one of the well known states in Malaysia [1]. There is press statement by YB Danny Law Heng Kiang the Penang State Exco for Tourism Development and Culture said that Penang is ranked in the third place under Kuala Lumpur, and Genting Highland (Pahang) for their tourism destination in Malaysia [1]. At first, Malacca is on top of Penang as tourism destination because they receive approximately 8.9 million tourist arrival in the year 2009. Unfortunately, that statement by Datuk Seri Dr. Ng Yen Yen may be a mistake because as we can see from the table 2, Penang has more tourists arrival compare to Malacca [1]. According Britannica Concise Encyclopedia, Penang is an island with an area of 108 sq mi/280 sq km and it is known as one of the busiest ports in the past and it is located in the straits of Malacca, on the North-West Coast of Malaysia. Penang is very famous for their beautiful beaches and islands, foods, cultural, religions and many more [2]. During 16th century, Portuguese merchants Penang was travel from Goa (India) to Far East search for spices, fresh water so they stopped in Penang. In 1786, Penang was very popular among the pirates because they steal ships that cross along Straits of Malacca. At one point, Penang became popular in 18th century and at the same time, Captain Francis Light enter to Penang and start to have good relationship with the locals and also the Sultan of Kedah in 1771. Unfortunately, at that moment itself Sultan of Kedah handed Penang to Captain Francis Light in order to get protection against the threats of Burmese and Siamese. After that, they called Penang as Prince of Wales Island and after the settlement; Sultan Abdullah found out that he is being cheated by the British by not willing to offer protection thus he gathered his army to retake Penang. Lastly, after extensive years of struggling between the locals and the British, Malaysia achieves independence in 31st August 1957 and Penang is one of the 13 states. Penang now is known as Pulau Pinang [3]. What is the Culture in Penang? The cultures in Penang are very unique and most of the tourists interested to know more about Penangs culture. In 2008, the population is Penang approximately 2 million on the island and 1 million is in Seberai Prai which consists of 42% Chinese, 41% Malay, 10% for Indian and also 5% for the Peranakan or Baba Nyonya. Baba Nyonyas culture in Penang is different from Malacca. Baba Nyonyas in Malacca can speak fluent Malay whereby in Penang, the Baba Nyonyas speaks mixture of Hokkien, Malay and English and most of the Baba Nyonyas in Penang still practice their Chinese religion and ancestral worshipping [4]. Basically, language that being spoken in Penang is Malay language whereby English and the Chinese (Hokkien) also being spoken widely in Penang. And lastly the Tamil language is being spoken by the tamils among their community. Next is the religion in Penang which most of the people believes such as Buddhist, Islam, Hindu, Christian, and many more. Basically, Buddhism is one of the main religions in Penang whereby Islam still the official religion of the state. As you can see that Penangs culture is a mixture of Malay, Chinese Indian and it is very interesting for tourists attractions [4]. Furthermore, Penang is famous for their food and this is one of the Penangs cultures. The food in Penang can easily get almost everywhere and anytime in Penang. According the time magazine in 2004, Penang has been the best street food in Asia. Penang is the only place to find such a wonderful, tasty and nice food and also it is so cheap compared to Kuala Lumpur and sometimes people called Penang is the food heaven to eat. The food in Penang is an assortment of Chinese, Nyonya, Malay, India, Thai cuisine. There in Penang also famous for the hawkers food which they sell and served by the road side [4]. Besides that, one of the reason why Penang famous is because they have various of events and festivals that they celebrates such as Penang International Dragon Boat Festival, Chin-gay, Pesta Pulau Pinang, Hari Raya Aidilfitri, Thaipusam, Chinese New Year, Hungry Ghost Festival and many more. These festivals would attract many tourists from all over the world to come and experience throughout the festivals. Moreover, it would be nice if tourists from Malaysia or outside Malaysia to give support and celebrates together in these interesting events. The international dragon boat festival usually held around June and July during the school holidays. Chingay is one of the famous cultural events in penang because it is being celebrated because of the birthday of Kuan Yin or the Goodness of Mercy. Normally, this event is being celebrated every year and attracts tourists as far from United States, Japan, South Africa and also Netherlands. Chingay festival is a parade which teams of people wil l show their skills at balancing 40 foot bamboo flagpoles on their body such as heads, shoulder, hands, and knees. And lastly, Pesta Pulau Pinang is one of the cultural events that being celebrated by all races in Penang. Pesta Pulau Pinang is a carnival that being celebrated in December and it always be lively, happening and colorful carnival every year. There would have a lots of activity includes open air concerts, variety shows, food bazaars, fun fairs, pet shows, exhibitions, games and many more [5]. What is an event? Basically events is about to have a particular function or to inform our guest that when some exciting things is going to happen and going to celebrate. For example, book launches weddings, concerts, carnivals and many more. It is more like a preparations for that particular functions to make it runs smoothly and beautifully. It starts from the PA systems, music, VIP rooms, foods, red carpet, guests and many more [6]. Cultural events that being celebrated by in Penang Penang is famous for their cultures, ethnicities, foods and festivals. Penangs has so many events and festivals that being celebrated throughout the year. Hence, the entire tourist from every parts of the world celebrates together with colorful happenings events in Penang. There are few festivals that being celebrated by all races in Penang such As Chinese New Year, International Dragon Boat Festival, Penang Beach Carnival, Penang Cultural Festival, Malaysia Festival and Pesta Pulau Festivals. The purpose all these festivals are held because is to gather everyone and celebrates the harmonious and unique multi culture in Penang. Many activities are held on the festivals example fashion parades, inter-hotel competition, performance, sell handicrafts, and many more [7]. 1.2 The Problem Statement The purpose of me choosing this topic is because as we can see Penang is developing to one of the leading tourism states. Cultural and events tourism is a product which is difficult to be tested first before use, so by having the cultural events in Penang can also gives Penang recognition as a world heritage site and will be portraying the cultural diversity of Penang. On top of that, by having cultural events and festivals in Penang can analyze the number of tourists inbounds to Penang. Besides that, tourists can come over and try to experience and spread the news to everyone out there about the cultural events that being celebrated by all races in Penang. There are few popular cultural events that being celebrated such as Thaipusam, Chap Goh Meh, St. Annes festival, hungry ghost festival and many more. Basically, Penang is famous for their cultural diversity where they preserve their own traditions and performing arts. On top of that, Penang has own tradition of street culture, cel ebrations, festivals, and ethnic groups and it will be the most unforgettable moments for the tourists who come and experience the festivals. Lastly, the Visit Calendar 2010 has their plans to make Penang as the active tourism sector. Research Objectives/ Aims The objective of this proposal is: To analyze the number of tourists inbounds to Penang during the cultural events celebration. To unite all people together to celebrate cultural events in Penang to support the slogan Satu Malaysia. To investigate the number of tourists that visit Penang according their nationalities. To determine the most favorable cultural events to the least popular and why? To study the revenue or loses generated by tourists as to the cost incurred by the state government to these events. By accumulating these results, we can determine whether to sustain, preserve or to promote cultural events or festivals for the coming years. Research Questions What are the number of tourists inbound to Penang in the 2009? Should Ministry of Tourism Malaysia encourage more cultural events celebrations in order to give Penang recognition as a world heritage site? Should we preserve, promote and sustain our cultural events in Penang in order to pull more tourists from all over the world? What the pull factors are for tourists to visits Penang every year? Hypothesis Statement Hypothesis statement for this topic would be that Penangs culture has a unique attribute that brings people together by having cultural events and festivals throughout the year. To boast those cultural events and festivals requires financial capital, intellectual capital, cultural capital and also social capital to run the events [8]. The existence of cultural events makes people understand other peoples culture better so that they can understand one and another as well as supporting our Malaysias motto which is Satu Malaysia. According to Datuk Lim Guan Eng, the Chief Minister of Penang says that they have to give 100% commitment to protect, preserve, sustain and promote the cultural events in Penang so that it can bring the people together and unite the culture and celebrate it collectively. These would reflect the multiracial people and well preserve culture and heritage which is being listed in UNESCO World Cultural and Heritage Site lately [9]. In the past 6 years, there were twelve countries affected by Tsunami disaster on 26th September 2004 and one of the countries is Malaysia. There were two states in Malaysia was affected by Tsunami which is Penang and Kedah. Both these areas lost everything during the tsunami disasters. At that time, most of the people or tourists are in fear for travelling to other countries. Most of the fishermans village in Kedah is destroyed by the tsunami. On top of that, Penangs tourism slightly decline due to this unwanted disaster. The Government, Corporate, NGOs, and also individuals contribute millions of dollars to help the victims accommodation, medical and many more [9]. Furthermore, there was a change in politics, economy and society due to the tsunami disaster. Penangs economy slightly decline because lacking of tourists from outside and inside the country. Tourists afraid to come and visits Penang thus not much activity or celebrations can we held during that particular period of timer [9]. As we know that the mass media plays important roles in promoting any advertisement doesnt matter in the website or in the daily newspaper. By promoting and advertise something in the website or newspaper, radio, television and so forth may increase the number of tourists who come to Penang. This is one of the strategies to pull tourists to come to Penang after the Tsunamis tragedy. There are some advertisements that may push tourists out of their state or country to come to Penang by having Cheap Air Flight to Penang inclusive Hotel Rooms. For example, in figure 1.0 and figure 1.1 show that Air Asia offer or promotes cheap flight tickets inclusive a room for the tourists as below as Rm1.00 [10]. Tourists can choose to fly either Penang, Kuching, Kuala Lumpur, and Johor Bahru. The travelling period for the tourists is at any time in July 1st 2011 to November 10th 2011. This is because we want more tourists to come to Penang for vacation and also at the same time we can promote differ ent cultural events and festivals that are being celebrating every month [10]. Furthermore, Penang State Tourism is promoting their state as by the campaign goes Visit Penang 2010-1012. So there are many kinds of activities and events is held for example Esplanade in Action- an Evening of Cultural Performance, Penang Sakura Blossom, Chinese New Year cruise-Lili Marleen and many more. Besides that, the food is one of the attractions besides cultural events in Penang for example, Thai Food Fiesta 2010, Penang Durian and Fruits Festivals, Pesta Pulau Pinang and many more. According to Natalie Lee, one of the students from University New South Wales stated that Facebook is one of the top growing social networking in the world nowadays which has more than 140 million users in the whole world. It allows us to find and communicate with our friends and share photos, promoting tourism sites and many more. Penang promotes their tourism sites through Facebook, websites, blogs and many more to pull tourists from every parts of the world. They can share photos, promote hotel rooms, flight tickets to Penang, and update latest events in penang and promote it to all their family members, friends and many more. It is one of the best ways to promote Penang to outsiders [11]. . Theoretical/ Conceptual Framework Theoretical framework As what I have showed the conceptual framework below shows that the research is focus more on the cultural events that being celebrated by all races in Penang. It will be scoped into structural support and cultural infrastructure/ spaces for the cultural events. Next under structural support diagram it will be divided into few points such as handling promotions, ticketing, licensing, printing and distribution of flyers. Besides that, for the cultural infrastructure / spaces will be divided into two main points which is cultural hub and also communities. At the top part of the framework shows that some of the events and festivals that is being celebrated by all races in Penang. Cultural festivals that being celebrated in Penang is Pesta Pulau Pinang, Hungry Ghost Festival, Chingay, Bon Odori and many more. The purpose of celebrating these festivals is because to sustain and promote the cultural events in Penang thus promote it to tourists from every parts of the world. For the second phase of the framework, is the cultural infrastructure and spaces which can be divided into two parts which is cultural hub and communities. According to S.B.Tan, Professor School Of Art, University Sains Malaysia says that the cultural hub, is basically where the performances or festivals is going to carried out, for example museums, restaurants, and many more. Whereby, for the communities are basically about where the festivals or events should should be placed in areas where most of the people live,for example city in Georgetown or Balik Pulau. It would be much easier for the people in Penang to travel to those particular places to celebrate the events [12]. Moving on, on the third phase is the structural support for example handling promotion, ticketing, licensing, distribution flyers and printing. Conceptual framework Cultural Events Tourism For Penang Events and festivals Pesta Pulau Pinang Bon Odori Chingay Hungry Ghost Festival Cultural infrastructure/ spaces Communities It should be placed in areas where the people lives Eg: city of Georgetown or Balik Pulau. Cultural Hub where the performances/ festivals, events is going to carried out eg: museums, restaurants, and many more Scope and Limitations The scope for this study is mainly based on the Tourism Industry in Penang that is rapidly growing in this 21st century. The importance of this sector to the Malaysias economy is to pull more tourists to come and visits Penang through the 3 years campaign of the state government by promoting their VisitPenang 2010- 2012 [13]. According to hotel statistics, in 2008 [14], Penang received 6.3 million tourist inbounds excluding the excursionist who arrive on cruise or live with their family and friends. The figure is higher than previous year which is 5.1 million. Penang State Governments has a mission to target 10 million tourists in 2014 which is 4 years from now. Penangs most profitable income earner comes from tourism sector after manufacturing. According to Ministry of Tourism, Malaysia, the number of local and international tourists arrivals in Penang in 2005 is 48% international tourists whereby for the locals is 52% which comes up 4, 351,909 tourists overall. Every year, the numb er slightly increased doesnt matter it is international tourists nor local people. Regrettably, in 2009 the number of tourists declined sharply which is from 6,307,468 in 2008 but unfortunately in 2009, the number has dropped to 1,347,356 overall totals. Penang this is because Penang focuses more on developing medical tourism and eco-tourism in this few years [13]. This study will look at the statistics rate or the number of tourists come and visits Penang to celebrates and experience the cultural events and festivals thus food as well. There were limitation sources to find for this topic. To find for data and informations, researcher using Google Scholar with journals, articles, Pdftop.com, Kdu Library and online book. Some of the journals and articles need to be purchased or log in as a member in order to read the articles and journals. 1.8 Significance of the study Significance of studying this topic is to analyze the number of tourists inbounds in Penang during the cultural events celebrations whether it gives impacts towards Penangs economy or local environment. Besides that, it is important for us to know what is Penangs mission and target for the tourism sector. Currently, Penang is being ranked at no.4 in foreign and domestic tourists arrivals in Malaysia after Kuala Lumpur, Pahang and Sabah. YB Danny Law Heng Kiang, Chairman for the State Tourism Development Culture, Arts, and Heritage says that he really hopes one day Penang would be No.1 or No.2 in foreign and domestics tourists arrivals in Malaysia. According to statistics, the number of hotel guests is increasing rapidly from 68.8 million in 2008 compared to 61.6 in 2007 especially during the cultural events and festivals that being celebrated every month. It shows that the graph for tourism sector will increase every year [15]. Chapter 2 2.1 Literature Review Definition of cultural events Events are something that happens at a given place. An event is one of the top growing tourism industries and also most thrilling and yet it is connected to leisure. One of the reason why so many countries keeps on promoting their events so that they can pull more tourists from every parts of the world to come and visits their country. Basically, an event is more to persuade tourists to come or participate during their events and also can makes them stay longer in that particular area. According to Getz, events are one of the important roles in tourism industry because it can attract more tourists thus to fill up their free during their visits to that particular country (1991). Most of the tourists expects for festivals, events or attractions in a tourism destination. Events or festivals also can intensify tourists experience and perhaps can make tourists stay longer thus persuade them to extend their holidays in particular tourism destinations (Getz, 1991). Cultural events basically are for religious, public events such as arts, performances, crafts demonstrations, and many more (Richards, 1996).All the small towns are actively has cultural events for profit, or to boost the tourism industry (Goldblatt, 2002). Most of the tourists are attracted to unique cultural events and somehow they will participate when the event is held. Organizers would make the cultural events livelier to ensure that the tourists meet their satisfaction during the festivals thus to make sure that they gets more profit from the tourists. Why is it so because to increase the tourism industry and to promote our country to worldwide. 2.2 Statistics Rate Tourists Come to Penang Statistics plays important role in counting the number of tourists inbounds in Penang 2005 2009. How many tourists have been visiting Penang? To calculate and determine the actual statistics requires big costs of money to collect data, to analyze and to present it to the state government. The number of tourists visiting Penang announced by the Tourism Ministry is based on immigration cards filled with their profiles at the by visitors and have to show it at the port of entry. Tourists are freely to move everywhere within the country unless visitors did bad mistakes. According to Penang State Government, Penang has their own statistics rate number of international and local tourists arrivals in Penang in 2005 to march 2009. Within these 5 years, overall total number of tourists either locals or international is about 21, 881,848 people arrived in Penang .In 2005 the local tourists arrival is about 2,267532 people whereby the international tourists approximately about 2,084,377 people. Furthermore, the overall total number of tourists in 2006 is about 4,688,504 people which are in percentages 54% of local tourists and 46% of international visitors. Moving on, the overall total number of tourists arrivals in Penang in 2007 has increasing compared to year before which is 2006 which is 5,186,611 tourists. Among the 5 years between 2005- 2009, the highest amount of tourists arrival is in 2008 which is 6,307,468 visitors in percentages it would be 55% for the locals and 45% for the international tourists inbounds in Penang. Finally, in 2009 the total n umber of tourists inbounds in Penang was sharply dropped from 6,307,468 tourists in previous year whereby in 2009 the overall total number of tourists is 1,347,356 visitors arrivals in Penang (2010). As stated by the Tourism Minister, Datuk Seri Ng Yen Yen, tourists arrivals in 2009 has dropped from 6,307,468 to 1,347,356 tourists due to the Influenza a (H1N1) scare. On the other hand, international tourists from Europe and United Kingdom remained the same. She stated that the tourists are safe as health authorities helps to prevent the spread of the disease towards the tourists. On top of that, Datuk Ng.Yen Yen had a discussion with the directors of 44 Tourism Malaysia regarding promotional plans to persuade tourists to visits Malaysia because Malaysia is one of the countries safe from Influenza H1N1 (Bernama). As mentioned earlier, Malacca overtakes Penang as tourists destination in 2009. Statistics shows that tourists arrival in Penang dropped from 6.3 million in 2008 to 1.3 million in 2009. Compared Penang to Malacca, Penang has a lot and good accessibility and products for example foods, beaches, cultures, and many more. Datuk Seri Dr. Ng Yen Yen strictly wants the state government to do something in order to increase more tourists in 2010. She suggested that Penang has a potential to become one of the countrys leading tourists destination because Penang has 191 flights from 12 international airlines flying in Penang. Besides that, she recommend that state government should put more initiative in hiring well-trained tourists guides which experts in the field of Penang history and heritage. These tour guides, service counters, and restaurant employees should know very well and are able to share the history and stories behind heritage buildings. In this way, we can give the visitors speci al services and make them satisfy during their visits to Penang (Y.Y.Ng, Nov, 2010). 2.3 The Economic and Social cultural Impacts on Cultural Events in Penang According to Gawler Visitor Information Centre, cultural events is one of the most exciting festival celebrations that can pulls many tourists from every parts of the world to make revenues in the economy of tourism industry . On top of that, behind the significant of cultural events, it has its economic and also socio cultural impacts on cultural events in Penang. There are few factors will indicate the economic and socio cultural impacts on cultural events in Penang. Economic impacts on cultural events in Penang As stated above, there are few factors that show the economic impacts on cultural events in Penang and it can be divided into negative and positive. Negative economic impacts on cultural events in Penang are the revenue or loses generated by tourists as to the cost incurred by the state government to these events. According to Priscilla, Penang tourism sector requires approximately RM 50 million for tourism in Penang. Based on 2008 statistics, there were 6.3 million tourists arrivals in Penang and as what the Chief Minister said that RM 500,000 is not enough for the tourism to conduct an activities and events especially which is connected to the infrastructure, promotions, and also improving the facilities (2010). The RM 50 million are required in order to have events, festivals, upgrading the quality of beaches and many more as now Penang is the third highest contribution state in tourism sector. According to Ministry of Tourism Malaysia, in 2009, the tourists arrivals in Penang has dropped to 1.3 million due to the influenza H1N1 thus there were loses generated by tourists as to the high amount of cost incurred by the state government to these tourism sector (2010). The money that they use to upgrading the facilities, promotions, events and festivals is not balance with how much money the tourists spend during their visits to Penang thus it would be a lose for Penang. The positive economy impacts on cultural impacts in Penang are can increase the tourism economy and society development in Penang (Jafari, 2000). Positive impacts on cultural events in Penang would be the job opportunities in Penang. In 2008, hotels in Penang received approximately 6.3 million tourists which are locals and also international compared to 2007 about 5.1 million tourists arrivals in Penang. The statistics shows that there was slightly increase of 1.2 million visitors arrivals which would indicate that there are so many job opportunities out there for the people who really need to w ork (Administrator III, 2009). This is say that they need more labors to work in such places like hotels, restaurants, tour guides, and many more. Moving on, in 2010, Penang Tourism Minister target 10 million tourists arrivals in 2014. Indirectly says that they need more employment to work in this industry (Administrator III, 2010). Socio Cultural Impacts on Cultural Events in Penang In this part of literature review, one of the socio cultural impacts on cultural events in Penang is diplomatic relations. According to The Star Online, Penang Government and Russian Embassy are thinking to organize a Russian cultural event every year in order to remembrance of the Russian battleship (Zhemchug) close by Penang coast during the World War. Vorobyeva Lyudmila Georgievna the new Russian ambassador said that their sailors weve been buried in Western Cemetery on Jalan Utama in Penang Island and Pulau Jerejak. Besides that, she also expresses her gratitude to Penang State because the help to clean and uphold those 12 sailors that have been buried in Western Cemetery. Furthermore, she spoke to Datuk Seri Lim Guan Eng and said that it would be much better to organize a Russian cultural event in Penang every year. She suggests that the Russian cultural event would have interesting Russian folk performances, classical, Russian music, and also Russian food as well. Thus, Malaysi a can have bond relationships Russian and with the Russian cultural event it would help to encourage more Russian tourists to come to Penang in the future (2010). Conclusion In conclusion, cultural events are one of the pull factors to bring in tourists from every parts of the world regardless the international or the local tourists. To have such cultural events or festivals can increase our economy in tourism sector thus Penang can be one of the states to be recognize internationally with the uniqueness and amazing beaches, nice foods, great heritage and many more. The existence of cultural events can also promote and bond relationships between the locals and visitors by having lots of activities and know how to appreciate different cultures, religion and race. Chapter 3 Research design and methodology 3.1 Overview In Chapter 3, there will be 5 main points to highlight in this sample proposal. In the first part of this topic is the general idea on the research design and methodology. Next, it is the elaboration about the introduction of the research proposal. Basically, it talks about the purpose of doing this topic and explanation about the cultural events that s being celebrated by all races in Penang. Moving on, there will be a research design in this chapter 3 such as investigating the population and the sampling techniques that is going to apply. After that, it will be explanation regarding the procedures of data collection and data analysis which will be divided into 2 sections which is primary data and secondary data. And lastly, there will be a short explanation about the questionnaires design. References Administrator III (2009) boost in Penang tourists arrivals http://www.visitpenang.gov.my/portal3/penang-tourism-news/539-boost-in-penang-tourist-arrivals.html Administrator III (2010) Speech by The Rt Hon Mr Lim Guan Eng, Chief Minister of Penang- Launch of the Penang Investment Tourism Office (PITO), Singapore http://www.visitpenang.gov.my/portal3/penang-tourism-news/1187-speech-by-the-rt-hon-mr-lim-guan-eng-chief-minister-of-penang-launch-of-the-penang-investment-tourism-office-pito-singapore.html PRISCILLA DIELENBERG (2010) CM: Penang needs RM50mil for tourism http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?sec=nationfile=/2010/4/18/nation/20100418170830 Ministry of tourism Malaysia (2010)NUMBER OF TOURIST ARRIVALS FROM TEN LEADING COUNTRIES TRANSITING THROUGH PENANG AIRPORT 2004 2008 http://www.penang.gov.my/index.php?ch=16pg=44lang=eng Jafari, J. (2000). APEC international tourism symposium: the scientification of tourism. 65 Korea Tourism Policy, summer, Vol.2, No.3, 56-59. Seoul: Korea tourism Research Institute (KTRI). http://www2.uwstout.edu/content/lib/thesis/2002/2002kwonh.pdf Tourism facts sheet gawler visitor tourism centre http://www.gawler.sa.gov.au/webdata/resources/files/5_Gawler_Impacts_Tourism.PDF The star online (2010) Annual Russian fest proposed http://thestar.my/metro/story.asp?file=/2010/11/6/north/7320843sec=north

media :: essays research papers

-Reaction Paper- Investigative Journalism Media funtions as a overseer when it use its power to expose wrong side of administrative associations. This media’s â€Å"watchdog† feature show itself with investigative journalism. Investigative Journalism has positive and negative effects above all state and private instituons. We have to look at these different aspects. Investigative journalism’s biggest positive effects is to push people work correctly and honestly who work in different instituons. Nobody wants to fall into a trap who composed by a investigative journalists and its hidden camera. Now this hidden cameras mostly using for exposing the misuse of authority or health scandals. Investigative journalism start to function as a survelliance in community in course of time. This type of journalism provides people to work right and prevents them to abuse community or the state. Investigative journalism ensure that justice is done. However there is a problem. Is investigative journalist in a right place to investigate? or does this journalists regards his self-benefits? This compose of the negative sides of the issue. When we look at media bosses in Turkey. There are portraits of people who has different kinds of corporations in industry and market. And we can’t expect that they expose their rotten sides of their corporations. Because this againsts to their self-benefits. They naturally don’t want to lose prestige and profit. So there can be a lot of wrong things which is concealed because of this media bosses self-interests. Another thing about investigative journalism is the hidden camera. This harms people’s personal rights and honours. Sometimes people who is suspicious pulled to trap by a journalist. And this is not suitable for the principles of journalism. Also hidden camera sometimes enters to private places such as houses of people. Exposing them without permission in their private place is not ethical for my opinion. In addition to this, investigative journalism generally exposes small companies which composed with small amount of money and worker. After exposing them, they can’t recover themselves and put an end their business life in the market.

Stress and stain :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Simple Stress and Strain   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The strength of materials are expressed from the point of view of machine designer. A machine designer needs to know the properties of different materials so that he can select the most suitable material for each part of a machine. A machine designer uses his information of stress to make sure that the stress is reasonable and that each part of the machine is sufficiently strong. Strength of materials is the scientific area of applied mechanics for the study of the strength of engineering materials and their mechanical behavior in general (such as stress, deformation, strain and stress-strain relations). Strength is considered in terms of compressive strength, tensile strength, and shear strength, namely the limit states of compressive stress, tensile stress and shear stress respectively.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One can see the importance of stress and strain. They are an indication of how severely the part in machine is loaded and how it is a factor that determines whether the forces applied are reasonable. Stress and strain always occur together. When a material is subjected to stress, it deforms, and when a material is deformed there must be strain. If the stress and strain are not the same for all materials, then it is found by experiments There is a relation between the stress and the strain for any given material. It said, when the relationship between the two are given, the stress and the strain can be found in one another. All materials deform when subjected to stress and it is necessary to be able to calculate the deformation of a body under load, because in most cases the deformation is more momentous than the stress.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Stress is in all probability the most imperative word in the subject matter of strength of materials. Stress is defined as force per unit area. It has the same units as pressure, and in fact pressure is one special variety of stress. However, stress is a much more complex quantity than pressure because it varies both with direction and with the surface it acts on. The simple stress are: compression (stress that acts to shorten an object), tension (stress that acts to lengthen an object), and shear (stress that acts parallel to a surface). Shear can cause one object to slide over another. It also tends to deform originally rectangular objects into parallelograms. The most general definition is that shear acts to change the angles in an object.

Polar Concepts :: essays research papers

<a href="http://www.geocities.com/vaksam/">Sam Vaknin's Psychology, Philosophy, Economics and Foreign Affairs Web Sites The British philosopher Ryle attacked the sceptical point of view regarding right and wrong (=being in error). He said that if the concept of error is made use of – surely, there must be times that we are right. To him, it was impossible to conceive of the one without the other. He regarded â€Å"right† and â€Å"wrong† as polar concepts. One could not be understood without understanding the other. As it were, Ryle barked up the wrong sceptic tree. All the sceptics said was that one cannot know (or prove) that one is in the right or when one is in the right. They, largely, did not dispute the very existence of right and erroneous decisions, acts and facts. But this disputation ignored a more basic question. Can we really not understand or know the right – without as intimately understanding and knowing the wrong? To know a good object – must we contrast it with an evil one? Is the action of contrasting essential to our understanding – and, if it is, how? Imagine a mutant newborn. While in possession of a mastery of all lingual faculties – the infant will have no experience whatsoever and will have received no ethical or moral guidelines from his adult environment. If such a newborn were to be offered food, a smile, a caressing hand, attention – would he not have identified them as â€Å"good†, even if these constituted his whole universe of experience? Moreover, if he were to witness war, death, violence and abuse – would he have not recoiled and judged them to be â€Å"bad†? Many would hurl at me the biblical adage about the intrinsic evilness of humans. But this is beside the point. Whether this infant’s world of values and value judgement will conform to society’s is an irrelevant question to us. We ask: would such an infant consistently think of certain acts and objects as â€Å"good† (desired, beneficial) – even if he were never to come across another set of acts and objects which he could contrast with the first and call â€Å"bad† or â€Å"evil†. I think so. Imagine that the infant is confined to the basic functions : eating and playing. Is there any possibility that he would judge them to be â€Å"bad†? Never. Not even if he were never to do anything else but eat and play.

Dent’s Disastrous Pronouns Essay

Stewart Pidd Hates English contains the following information about pronouns: Pronouns function as replacement words for noun phrases and nouns. Three common types of pronouns that give writers trouble are indefinite pronouns, possessive pronouns, and personal pronouns. Pronouns have different functions. Pronouns that do not refer to an object or a particular person are indefinite pronouns; possessive pronouns show possession; personal pronouns replace an object or a specific person. Writers can use pronouns to prevent unneeded repetition. An antecedent is the noun that comes before or after the pronoun(s) that reference it (Pollitt and Baker 70-85). Faulty pronoun agreement is a common writing error. In â€Å"Go Big or Go Home,† Jimmy Dent fails to make his pronouns agree with their antecedents. Dent makes a pronoun/antecedent agreement error. He writes, â€Å"I was out front working on my old motorcycle and said, ‘Hey, Stewie, when a skater dude goes to Ludville Pipe, they need to go big or go home’†(1). The singular antecedent, â€Å"skater dude† does not agree with the plural pronoun â€Å"they.† To fix the sentence, Dent needs to change the singular antecedent â€Å"skater dude† to a plural antecedent â€Å"skater dudes.† The revised sentence will read, â€Å"I was out front working on my old motorcycle and said, ‘Hey, Stewie, when skater dudes go to Ludville Pipe, they need to go big or go home.’† Dent makes a pronoun/antecedent agreement error with an indefinite pronoun. He states, â€Å"‘Stewart Pidd!’ I yelled, through the rusty spokes or my front rim, ‘Nobody wants to put their relatives in a home’† (2). The singular antecedent â€Å"Nobody† does not agree with the plural possessive pronoun â€Å"their.† To fix the sentence, Dent needs to change the singular indefinite pronoun â€Å"Nobody† to a plural pronoun â€Å"In-laws.† The revised sentence will read, â€Å"‘Stewart Pidd!’ I yelled, through the rusty spokes or my front rim, ‘In-laws don’t want to put their relatives in a home’† Dent makes a pronoun/antecedent agreement error using a collective noun. He writes, â€Å"On a good day, the Dent clan will unite to make their relatives feel like chewed-up gum’† (2). The singular antecedent â€Å"clan† does not agree with the plural possessive pronoun â€Å"their.† The collective noun â€Å"clan† is singular because it a group functioning as a unit. In order to fix the sentence, Dent needs to replace the plural pronoun â€Å"their† with singular possessive pronoun â€Å"our.† The revised sentence will read, â€Å"On a good day, the Dent clan will unite to make our relatives feel like chewed-up gum.† Untrained writers and speakers who make pronoun agreement errors should consider the wise words of Thomas Browne: â€Å"There is music wherever there is harmony, order or proportion.† Good writing is like good music. Having pronoun agreement brings harmony, order, and proportion to one’s writing. Having harmony, order, and proportion creates music in the writing. Works Cited Browne, Thomas. Attackthetext.com. Web. 14 Feb. 2013. Dent, Jimmy. â€Å"Go Big or Go Home.† 28 Feb. 2010. Print. Pollitt, Gary, and Craig Baker. Stewart Pidd Hates English. 2nd ed. Oceanside: Attack The Text Publishing. 2010. Print.

A Comparison between Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn’s One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich and James Joyce’s Araby

One day in the life of Ivan Desinovich by Aleksander Solyztien is story of a hero’s quest of survival in a hostile environment. The novel is a very detailed and graphic description of one man’s struggle in a Stalinist work camp. It is the story of Ivan Denisovich, also called Shukhov, and his determination and strength to endure the hardships of imprisonment and dehumanization. The story takes place in a Russian prison camp after World War II. Ivan Shukhov Denisovich, the main character, is sentenced to a prison camp after having been a prisoner of the Germans during the war.The camp conveys a hopeless situation that only human integrity can overcome. : Araby by James Joyce is a romantic quest about a young boy who falls in love and pursues his quest of bringing something for his loved one from a place he thinks to be exotic and unexplored. On comparing these two literary works, there are some similarities as well as differences. Even though both the literary works are different kinds of quest, One day in the life of Ivan Desinovich being a survival quest and Araby being a romantic quest, both bear similar elements that define a quest.Firstly, the protagonists in both literary works are heroes and exceptional beings who have struggled courageously. Secondly the protagonists undergo through the process of mental transformation and death and rebirth of self. The only difference is that One day in the life of Ivan Desinovich is a dull and depressing novel about a prisoner who struggles to survive whole Araby is refreshing and joyous story about an innocent child’s first love. Both literary works bear some similar quest elements and also differences. The essential element of a quest is the hero and his conflict.Heroes are those who have found or done something beyond the normal range of experience and it takes action for a cause greater than oneself and are motivated by some kind of ideal or a reasonable thought. This element is apparent in bot h works. Firstly, Ivan Desinovich can be called a hero as who has survived for many years in the camp or gulag without losing mental balance and self respect. This is an unusual achievement as it is difficult to preserve sense of humanity and self-dignity which Shukhov has achieved, unlike others who have become savage.Such was Shukhov’s sense of pride and self-respect who would â€Å"never lower himself like that Fetiukov, he would never look at a man’s mouth. †(p 22) Secondly, the protagonist of Araby is a kid who falls in love with a girl and desires to explore the exotic location called Araby. This is also an unusual thing as this is the first the protagonist goes to a journey without any past experience and imagines the place to be really exotic and having a magical enchantment.This is evident when the protagonist expresses his feelings and imagination by saying, â€Å"The syllables of the word Araby were called to me through the silence in which my soul l uxuriated and cast an Eastern enchantment over me. †Thirdly, the protagonists in both the novels are motivated in a certain way. For Shukov, this motivation was the need to go home and help the family as the narrator says â€Å"His wife's dearest hope was that when he got home he would keep clear of the kolkhoz and take up dyeing himself.That way they could get out of the poverty she was struggling against, send their children to trade schools, and build themselves a new cottage in place of their old tumble-down place†( pg 129). The child in Araby however, is strongly movitated by promise he made to his loved one to bring something and is greatly enthusiastic when the author says â€Å"I had hardly any patience with the serious work of life which, now that it stood between me and my desire, seemed to me child's play, ugly monotonous child's play. † Another element of a quest is that the hero undergoes mental transformation.In this process, the old ideas and think ing of the hero disintegrates and he begins to view life with a new perspective. This process helps the character heavily in maturing him/her. The protagonists of the two literary works also find themselves changed and possessing a new attitude. Firstly, Ivan Desinovich change of the habit of planning ahead is indicated when the narrator says During the years in prison Shukhov had lost the habit of planning for the next day, for a year ahead, for supporting his family.The authorities did his thinking for him about everything—it was somehow easier that way† (pg 122). Secondly, in the narrative Araby, a small child’s innocence and love is killed and replaced by vanity, anguish and anger. The innocent child who imagines sweet day dreams about love surprisingly says â€Å"Gazing up into the darkness I saw myself as a creature driven and derided by vanity; and my eyes burned with anguish and anger. In this way the reader can see that both the protagonists go through the process of mental transformation where their premature ideas about love, old notions and opinions are replaced with more mature conclusions and realistic as well as a serious perspective for life. Differences also exist as far as the plot and the mood of the works are concerned. Although these literary works contain similar quest qualities, there are some differences that draw a line between the two.Firslty Even though the novel One day in the life of Ivan Desinovich gives the readers a strong message about preserving self dignity, it remains a dull and depressing novel whereas Araby generates a healthy response and attitude from readers as it contains innocent and lively story about a child’s first love which the readers also identify with. One day in the life of Ivan Desinovich is a dull novel because it makes the readers aware of the physical and mental tortures on prisoners. Secondly, Araby gives the readers a happy impression with the theme of love of a young boy.The audience identify with the condition and the protagonist’s idealization about the lover and this keeps them indulged in the story which is completely contradictory with the theme of a prisoner’s life where the reader is faced with a complete alien as well as a cruel environment. Thirdly, In Ivan desinoich, the author uses characterization, motifs and figurative language to express the dehumazing environment of the gulag whereas in Araby, the author uses personification and characterization to show the contrasting happy and flowering mood.In One day in the life of Ivan Desinovich the author uses motifs of evil by institutions such as â€Å"Come on; paw me as hard as you like. There’s nothing but my soul in my chest. † Pg 25 and â€Å"‘No one would care if a prisoner froze to death, but what if he tried to escape? † Pg 38 and also charactherization such as ‘all his longing was concentrated in that fag-end [of the cigarette] –which meant more to him now, it seemed, than freedom itself: but he would never lower himself like that Fetiukov, he would never look at a man’s mouth’ Pg 22.In Araby, however the author James Joyce uses personification such as â€Å"My body was like a harp and her words and gestures were the fingers (pg 182 1st para last line)† trying to show the reader the happy mood and idealization by the protagonist. Thus differences result in the different moods of the novel. Both the literary works thus follow the direction of a hero’s quest. Even though both follow different type of quests, there are some general similar quest elements such as presence of a hero who is an exceptional being, mental transformation of this hero and certain motivation of the hero for quest.While the protagonist in One day in the life of Ivan Desinovich struggles to survive in an inhuman environment, protagonist in Araby aims to explore an alien market in order to bring something for his lo ved one. One day in the life of Ivan Desinovich therefore, is a survival quest whereas Araby is an romantic quest. However, their themes contrast drastically. While One day in the life of Ivan Desinovich offers depressing and serious story, Araby is about first love. In this way, both literary works bear certain similarities and differences.

Early Childhood Education application essay Essay

This article gives a study of how we can apply the material in an Early Childhood institution from the novel `Different Children Different Needs` by Charles F. Boyd. This book can be taken as a channel showing parents and teachers in any institute on how to be more efficient by knowing the personality God has given each child. Boyd applies a DISC style of traits of parents’ personality for application in parent-child affiliations. Although, this book is mainly on good parenting which allows you to review your and your child’s qualities and as a result, helps you in improving communication with no friction between parents and children. The material in this book can also be very useful in any institutional environment. Based on this knowledge, this study gives a brief evaluation of the application and knowledge specifically in an institute’s environment and the experience from it. Knowledge and Application This book assists you in understanding that every child has a unique personality and none of them are right or wrong but just different. As in the novel Boyd writes â€Å"As parents, we need to discover our children’s natural styles and help each one grow up according to his unique, in-born, God-given design† (Charles Boyd. 4). Writer uses the DISC personality sketch descriptions to understand and help you to re-open blocked communication with your child. It’s as easy as opening by inquiring yourself if your child is a bit lazy or active, people person or a loner? The material and tools presented in ‘Different Children, Different Needs’ will take the anonymity out of the way on how you interrelate with each other. In the book, we look at a tool referred to as â€Å"the art of flexible parenting† or parenting by plan. It is a method which presents us with an opportunity to raise our kids that procures into account equally how God has designed our style and personality and how He has designed our children. This uncomplicated and realistic model enables us to realize our normal bent and the way it influences our parenting style, determine our children’s design, comparison between the first two and adjusting our style so as it fulfils the style and requirements of our children. It helps in fashioning an atmosphere of encouragement and support which results in enhanced parent-child communication and eases common areas of clashes. The methods and tools given in this book can not only help parents in understanding their children better but also prove helpful in Children institutes by giving teachers an insight to his/her pupils mind and personality and making them realize that not every student cannot be the top person and that someone has to take the bottom position whether it be academic performance or co-curricular activities. After having an understanding of such basics, these Institutes can make sure that each student is treated as an individual and not be compared with others who are either doing better or worst than him and thus improved student-teacher relation which will result in better results. This model will assist in developing an atmosphere of encouragement and support and can have results like an increased self-confidence and self-discovery. After reading this book, you will start to comprehend things you never understood in relation to the most excellent way to communicate to each unique student in a class. Students will appear to appreciate how God has designed them and made each and everyone of them exceptional in his own way, maturing in self-confidence and discovering a sense of fitting in somewhere. And you will get pleasure from fulfilling your mentoring experience you’ve forever wished for. Understanding and Experience A Childs education starts from home. Education plays a very significant part in altering lives of children. This book gives a concept of parenting pollution. Parenting pollution refers, to the desire of every parent to raise their children the way they think they should. If we observe carefully, we see that the same idea is applied in children institutions where teacher expects the student to be as smart as the teacher was when he was students’ age, or think the same way as he used to think and mostly compare students with each other. The truth is, it is important to realize that with changing times, minds maturity level changes, and children nowadays, grasp and perceive things differently then we used to. The one part of the book that I thought could be really helpful if all could read it and enjoy is a number of pages of encouraging â€Å"one-liners† which can be used to build your child’s or your students self-confidence some of which includes sayings like when asked a student to perform a task in classroom and if he is taking longer than some other students, instead of saying this discouraging thing â€Å"What’s taking you so long? â€Å", what you can say is, â€Å"You do things specifically and correctly. † (Haim Ginott, 23) That line sums up the â€Å"observe, don’t judge† philosophy of child psychologist Haim Ginott which one should try very often for miraculous results. (Haim Ginott, 23) Some stuff you read in this book is pretty basic on parenting like be patient with a child , Don’t hurry or push him, be open at times when your child wants to do things differently than you feel like etc. But observe carefully that do you really do all this basic stuff all the time or you are really a moody person Conclusion The DISC character system on which all of the suggestion in this book is based is not exactly a specific personality test but in actually just a self-discovery test where you can ponder over you actions and those of your children and then apply them in Children Institutions. The concluding remark is that Parenting by plan is a technique you can utilize to fine-tune your parenting technique according to your children and students as each of them has different personality and psychology. It can really help is making parents and teachers understand that even if the personalities of their children clashes with their own, it can still be a positive relation and parents being older have to take the first step which may just include getting a copy of this book. References Boyd, Charles. 2004. Different Children, Different Needs. Published by Multnomah Books Ginott, Haim. 1996. Between

Longman Communication 3000 Essay

The Longman Communication 3000 is a list of the 3000 most frequent words in both spoken and written English, based on statistical analysis of the 390 million words contained in the Longman Corpus Network – a group of corpuses or databases of authentic English language. The Longman Communication 3000 represents the core of the English language and shows students of English which words are the most important for them to learn and study in order to communicate effectively in both speech and writing. Analysis of the Longman Corpus Network shows that these 3000 most frequent words in spoken and written English account for 86% of the language. This means that by knowing this list of words, a learner of English is in a position to understand 86% or more of what he or she reads. Of course, â€Å"knowing† a word involves more than simply being able to recognise it and know a main meaning of it. Many of the most frequent words have a range of different meanings, a variety of different grammatical patterns, and numerous significant collocations. Nonetheless, a basic understanding of the Longman Communication 3000 is a very powerful tool and will help students develop good comprehension and communication skills in English. ‘This [frequency] information is gold dust for the language learner. LDOCE shows in graphic and immediate form which words are really worth learning and knowing how to use.’ Jeremy Harmer, ELT author These frequency markers added to the headwords in the dictionary give users access to a wealth of information that can help the selection of the appropriate word or phrase in a variety of situations. Not only are the words and meanings given descriptive labels, for example formal or informal, AmE (American English) or BrE (British English), humorous, old-fashioned, but now they have the added information about relative frequency in spoken and written language. Take for example the verb book (in the meaning of book a table at a restaurant). It is marked as S2 – one of the top 2000 words of spoken English. Note that is has no marker for written English because according to corpus analysis, it is not part of the top 3000 most frequent words in written English. However, the entry also indicates that a synonym for book is reserve which is in the top 3000 most frequent words in written English. The conclusion to be drawn from this is that in speaking (for instance when phoning a hotel or restaurant), book is the most appropriate verb to use when asking for a room or table to be kept for you. In writing, however, it would be more appropriate to use reserve. ‘There are two distinct modes of English: thoughtful, accurate and more formal, reflected mostly by written English; and spontaneous, real-time, less formal language, typified by spontaneous speech and some informal writing.’ Professor Geoffrey Leech, Emeritus Professor of English Language and Linguistics – University of Lancaster To ensure that users have access to the appropriate information, the Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English marks all the words that are in the Longman Communication 3000 in red accompanied by special symbols: W1 , W2 , and W3 for words that are in the top 1000, 2000 and 3000 most frequent words in written English, and S1 , S2 and S3 for the top 1000, 2000 and 3000 most frequent words in spoken English. Nowadays, many learner’s dictionaries include information about the most frequent words in English, but Longman dictionaries are the only ones to highlight the differences between spoken and written frequency. Learning a language can be exciting, but also sometimes difficult and frustrating because there are so many things to learn and it is difficult to know what to focus on. The frequency markers that identify the Longman Communication 3000 help students see clearly which words are frequent in written and spoken English, and enable them to focus more attention on mastering the meanings, grammatical patterns and collocations of these words.

Physical anthropology - A Feline Paternity Suit Assignment

Physical anthropology - A Feline Paternity Suit - Assignment Example Then if the kitten #1 has GG or Gg then it will have short tail but when gg then it will have long tail. Therefore possible genotypes are GG, Gg and gg. From the information provided, Kitten #2 is almost exactly like its mother meaning that in almost every aspect, the mother’s gene was dominant over the neighbors’ cat. It therefore means that the illustrated traits and phenotypes is exactly as that of the mother. For ticking, the kitten will give birth to two kids having agouti and the other one non-agouti since it has two dominant genes inherited from the mother who is also agouti. Therefore the ratio will be 2:1. Looking at the phenotypes of the Kitten#3 there is high chance that the gene of the father and mother was at balance in almost every aspect, especially when comparing it with Kitten#2 which resemble the mother but has different phenotypes as that of Kitten#3. In the case of agouti, the Kitten does not resemble the mother therefore the trait resulting into this phenotype was from the father. In this case, the gene for non-agouti is N and that for agouti is n. For color density, the Kitten must have taken the trait of the father because we already know that the mother has dense color. Therefore in this case, let the gene for dilute color be D and d for dilute color. The kitten is different from the mother based on the stripe color. The genetic information provided above shows that the mother has a stripe color of black which contradicts with information regarding Kitten#2 who we were told resemble the mother but still has brown stripes. Since the mother is an all black cat, it therefore means that during crossing over, the gene of the mother was recessive over that of the father and could not result in all black cat. It therefore stands that father’s gene for all white cat was dominant. Alternatively, there could be a possibility of co-dominant allele which will alter phenotype when they exist in heterozygous state. Let’s refer to the